Overview

Project Brochure

Unsustainable exploitation of surface and groundwater resources for irrigation with inefficient management practices has resulted in alarming groundwater depletion in many agriculture-dominated watersheds/ regions across India. Furthermore, climate variability (episodic droughts and heat waves) and climate change may further increase irrigation water demands while reducing crop yields in future. Improved agricultural productivity via increased efficiency in farm practices, choice of crops, and improved irrigation practices are needed to ensure food and fresh water security for growing population. M2M project is developing an integrated system to quantify agricultural water demands at farm to regional scales and to improve irrigation water use efficiency to enhance groundwater quantity/quality and agricultural productivity. An experimental sensor network has been setup for measuring weather parameters, soil moisture, and soil temperature at a field scale. These measurements are combined with historic, remote sensing based monitoring of vegetation and soil conditions, and near real time hydrologic monitoring, to evaluate the actual crop water requirements and for optimizing irrigation water requirements through an irrigation scheduling and water management system. This project will help in evaluating the sensitivity of crop yield towards varying soil, water, and climate conditions taking information of key variables that can provide an assessment of potential changes in crop yields and water availability under climatic change conditions.

Mentors/Collaborators

MENTORS:

Dr. V. Sridhar, Virginia Tech, USA
Dr. A. K. Sikka, IWMI, New Delhi

COLLABORATORS:

Dr. Chris Funk, USGS, USA
CGWB, Raipur
Dept. of Water Resource & Dept. of Agriculture, Govt. of Chattisgarh
Govt(s). of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh
Sardar Sarovar Narmada Nigam Limited, Gujarat

Key Outcomes

1. # of New Courses/Modules developed with enrolment (5 )

Title: Developed "Geospatial Engineering and Sustainability and Environment courses

Remarks: Enrollment - 32

Title: AE-7033 Hydrological Modelling of Small Watersheds

Remarks: Enrollment - 10
For M. Tech (Soil and Water Engineering)

Title: Remote sensing in environment
Institutes: IIT-GN

Remarks: Enrollment - 12
For UG and PG students

Title: Earth, Energy, and Environment

Remarks: UG course covers sensor technology and water quality aspects.
This is not being offered currently and has been replaced by the Sustainability and Environment course

Title: Datasets and hydrologic models are used in "Advanced Engineering Hydrologyâ€ course
Institutes: IIT-GN

Remarks: Enrollment - 10-15

2. # of New Labs (4 )

Title: Geo-Spatial laboratory developed
Institutes: IGKV-RAIPUR

Remarks: Geospatial laboratory has been furnished with the utilization of budget provided by M2M Project. The UG, PG and Ph.D. students are working for their research studies.

Title: A non-point source pollution laboratory equipped with state of the art instrument for water quality analysis developed
Institutes: IIT-KGP

Remarks: Labs are being offered every semester for teaching as well as research and attend by the UG and PG students

Title: Experimental Sensor Network set up
Institutes: IIT-KGP

Remarks: Labs are being offered every semester for teaching as well as research and attend by the UG and PG students

Title: Water Quality and Remote Sensing labs
Institutes: IIT-GN

Remarks: Labs are being offered every semester for teaching as well as research and attend by the UG and PG students

3. # of Courses/Modules updated in a major way with enrolment (3 )

Title: UG programs got NBA accredited, Curricula of CSE, ECE and Maths depts. of NERIST were revised to meet industry requirement
Institutes: NERIST-ITANAGAR

Remarks: Enrollment - 64 in each branch (AE, CE, ME, EE, ECE, CSE)

Title: Lysimetric tank installation and wireless sensor network are being demonstrated in on-form water management class

Remarks: Enrollment - UG and PG batches

Title: Revision of Curricula of CSE, ECE and Maths depts.
Institutes: NERIST-ITANAGAR

Remarks: Enrollment - 64 in each branch (AE, CE, ME, EE, ECE, CSE)
Through Academic Council

4. # of Labs Updated in a major way (2 )

Title: Soil and Water Engineering Laboratory upgraded with latest equipment
Institutes: IGKV-RAIPUR

Remarks: Several instruments including infiltrometer, distillation unit, NPK analyzer, GPS, flame photometer, pH meter, and turbidity meter where installed in the lab for determination of different parameters of soil and water management studies.

Title: Soil moisture sensor (Field Pogo), Guelph Field Permeameter, stage water level recorders, rain gauges and software such as WMS, Soil Para, and RiverMorph, were installed for data collection, and analysis
Institutes: AAU

Remarks: Used by UG and PG students

5. # Startups (1 )

Title: AgroCast
Institutes: IIT-GN

Remarks: IIT Gandhinagar is working the final steps and are in talks with a few companies. The startup will be registered soon.

6. # of Patents (1 )

Title: Patent on "UAV-based sudden-charge, node-data sense and transfer"

Remarks: In progress
Filing Date: August 2016

7. # of Summer/Winter/Monsoon Schools and # of Participants (3 )

Title: Water and Energy Security in the Arena of Climate Change
Institutes: AAU

Remarks: Participants: 19
Date: Jan 17-Feb 06, 2017

Title: International Summer-Winter Term (ISWT) Course on â€œGeospatial Technologies for Hydrologic Modelingâ€
Institutes: IIT-KGP

Remarks: Participants: 32
Date: 16-29 June 2014

Title: International Summer-Winter Term (ISWT) Course on â€œEnabling Internet of Things with Cloud and Big Data Networking

Remarks: Participants: 43
Date: 25 May-07 June 2015

8. # of other Short/Long Courses at Conferences, etc., and # of Participants (0 )

9. # of Tutorials at Conferences, etc., and # of Participants (0 )

10. # of Distance Education Courses and # of Participants (0 )

11. # of Seminars/ Seminars Series and # of Participants (4 )

Title: Half-day workshop on 'Managing Drought: A Technology Driven solution'

Remarks: The workshop was attended by 15 participants representing government organizations, students, and NGOs

Title: INDO-US workshop on "Assessment of regional hydrology using spaceborne gravity observationsâ€

Remarks: Participants: 30
Date: 14-16 November 2016
Dr Vimal Mishra presented on â€œthe frequency of the 2015 droughtâ€ at CSIR-NGRI, Hyderabad

Title: Brainstorming Workshop and National Seminar On "Emerging Technologies for Enhancing Water Productivity (ETEWP-2016)â€

Remarks: Participants: 143
Date: 17-18 Nov 2016

Title: Organized a Training cum workshop on "Drought Risk and its Mitigation in Agricultureâ€

Remarks: Participants: 40
Date: 05-10 Feb 2015

12. # of Open houses where the work being done by the team is exhibited to colleges, schools, public at large, etc., to increase their understanding and appreciation of research in science and engineering (3 )

Title: Training Programme on "Drought Risk and its Mitigation in Agricultureâ€
Institutes: IGKV-RAIPUR

Remarks: Date: 5-10 Feb 2015
Course coordinator: Prof. M. P. Tripathi

Title: A 21 days training programme entitled "Water and Energy Security in the Arena of Climate Changeâ€
Institutes: AAU

Remarks: Date: 17 January, 2017 to 06 February, 2017
Course coordinator: Dr. R. Subbaiah, Course Co-coordinator: Dr. M. K. Tiwari

Title: Course on "Enabling Internet of Things with Cloud and Big Data Networkingâ€
Institutes: IIT-KGP

Remarks: Date: 5 May 2015-07 June 2015

13. # of Major Collaborations with Industry (0 )

14. # of Major Collaborations with Government (2 )

Title: Central Ground Water Board

Remarks: Collaboration Area: Groundwater data and analysis for the Chhattisgarh Plains

Title: Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), India Meteorology Department (IMD)

Remarks: Collaboration Area: Development of the drought monitoring system for India

15. # of Major Collaborations with NGOs (0 )

16. # of Major Collaborations with International Organization (0 )

17. # of Major Collaborations with Any Others (1 )

Title: S. G. College of Agriculture & Research Station, Jagdalpur, and KVK, Jagdalpur

Remarks: For conducting the demonstration of finger millet in 0.5 acre area during summer season of the year 2016.
Collaboration Area: Demonstration of water management techniques for summer finger millet.

18. # of Technologies Transferred (Industry/Government/NGOs/ International Organization/ Others) (2 )

Title: Drought monitoring system will be transferred to IMD
Title: The water management technologies of summer finger millet and maize are being transferred to the Department of Agriculture, Govt. of Chhattisgarh.

19. # of Solutions Provided (Industry/Government/NGOs/ International Organization/ Others) (1 )

Title: AgroCast

Remarks: This is currently being tested and updated in house and yet to be transferred.

20. # of Services Offered (Industry/Government/NGOs/ International Organization/ Others) (0 )

21. # of Licenses Granted (Industry/Government/NGOs/ International Organization/ Others) (0 )

22. # of Consultations Offered (Industry/Government/NGOs/ International Organization/ Others) (0 )

23. # of Industrial Board Memberships (Industry/Government/NGOs/ International Organization/ Others) (3 )

Title: ISAE

Remarks: ISAE Fellow Award-2017 to Dr. M. P. Tripathi

Title: Board of UG Studies, Dept. of Agril. Engg., Nagaland University
Institutes: NERIST-ITANAGAR

Remarks: Dr. Arnab Bandyopadhyay became a member in year 2017

Title: MANIT Bhopal
Institutes: IIT-KGP

Remarks: Prof. N.S. Raghuwanshi appointed as Director
Year: 2017

Institutions

IIT-KGP - Lead Institution IIT-GN - Partner Institution IGKV-RAIPUR - Partner Institution NERIST-ITANAGAR - Partner Institution AAU - Partner Institution

Team Members

N. S. Raghuwanshi(IIT-KGP), Principal Investigator

Rajender Singh(IIT-KGP), ITRA Faculty

Ashok Mishra(IIT-KGP), ITRA Faculty

Sudip Misra(IIT-KGP), ITRA Faculty

tMtFQiRt(IIT-KGP), Student

Vimal Mishra(IIT-GN), ITRA Faculty

tMtFQiRt(IIT-GN), Student

M. P. Tripathi(IGKV-RAIPUR), ITRA Faculty

tMtFQiRt(IGKV-RAIPUR), Student

Arnab Bandyopadhyay(NERIST-ITANAGAR), ITRA Faculty

A. Bhadra(NERIST-ITANAGAR), ITRA Faculty

tMtFQiRt(NERIST-ITANAGAR), Student

M. K. Tiwari(AAU), ITRA Faculty

M.L. Gaur(AAU), ITRA Faculty

Publications

1.	Blind Entity Identification for Agricultural IoT Deployments A. Mukherjee, S. Misra, N. S. Raghuwanshi and S. Mitra; IEEE Internet of Things Journal;²⁰¹⁹

2.	Scheduling irrigation in a selected Panam canal command in Panchmahal district for optimum water use Kumar, D., Tiwari, M. K ; Journal of Soil and Water Conservation;²⁰¹⁸

3.	Groundwater Depletion and Associated CO2 Emissions in India Mishra, V., Asoka, A., Vatta, K., Lall, U.; Earth's Future;²⁰¹⁸

4.	Spatio-temporal trends of rainfall across Indian river basins Bisht D.S., Chatterjee C., Raghuwanshi N.S., Sridhar V.; Theoretical and Applied Climatology;²⁰¹⁸

5.	Strong Linkage Between Precipitation Intensity and Monsoon Season Groundwater Recharge in India Asoka A., Wada Y., Fishman R., Mishra V.; Geophysical Research Letters;²⁰¹⁸

6.	An analysis of precipitation climatology over Indian urban agglomeration Bisht D.S., Chatterjee C., Raghuwanshi N.S., Sridhar V.; Theoretical and Applied Climatology;²⁰¹⁸

7.	Drought characterization over India under projected climate scenario Bisht DS, Sridhar V, Mishra A, Chatterjee C, Raghuwanshi NS; International Journal of Climatology;²⁰¹⁸

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